A Review of Fungal Decay in Historic Wooden Structures in Polar Regions

Biological deterioration is a significant threat to wooden cultural heritage in polar regions. Based on a comprehensive review of previous and current research, we provide an overview of current knowledge of wood-decaying fungi and fungal decay in historic wooden structures in Antarctica and the High Arctic. Most available research focuses on degradation mechanisms, providing data on microbial biodiversity and factors influencing deterioration of the historic polar heritage. Less is reported on decay rates and consequences for cultural heritage, such as the type and severity of damage, causes, repair, and conservation methods. The effects of climate change improve conditions for fungal decay, and thus more severe damage must be expected. Consequently, further research and development should concentrate on these challenges to promote conservation of polar cultural heritage and sustainable heritage management. Greater cooperation between researchers across disciplines in polar regions may be of key importance to improve insights and treatments for polar wooden heritage.